{"id":2751,"date":"2019-08-10T01:04:14","date_gmt":"2019-08-09T17:04:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tihar-tech.cn\/?p=2751"},"modified":"2024-03-09T20:30:43","modified_gmt":"2024-03-09T12:30:43","slug":"linux%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e6%8e%92%e6%9f%a5%e8%bf%90%e7%bb%b4-%e5%b8%b8%e7%94%a8%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e9%80%9f%e6%9f%a5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/139.196.114.170\/?p=2751","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u6392\u67e5\u8fd0\u7ef4 – \u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u901f\u67e5"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u672c\u6587\u5217\u51fa\u57fa\u672cLinux\u8fd0\u7ef4\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u53c2\u6570\u4f7f\u7528\u5404\u547d\u4ee4-h\/–help\u73b0\u67e5<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u4e3b\u673a\u5168\u5c40\u914d\u7f6e<\/h3>\n

\u67e5\u770b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f<\/h4>\n
cat \/etc\/issue\ncat \/etc\/os-release\nuname -a<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u67e5\u770bcpu\u4fe1\u606f<\/h4>\n
vim \/proc\/cpuinfo<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/h4>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf env | grep\n\u4fee\u6539\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf vim \/etc\/profile\n\u52a0\u8f7d\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf source \/etc\/profile\n\u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf export<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8bbe\u7f6ejava\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\nexport JAVA_HOME=jdk\u7684bin\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\nexport PATH=%JAVA_HOME%\/bin\nexport CLASSPATH=%JAVA_HOME%\/lib\/dt.jar;%JAVA_HOME%\/lib\/tools.jar<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\/\u81ea\u542f<\/h4>\n
systemctl enable service-name\nchkconfig service-name on\/off\nsystemctl start name.service\nservice service-name start\nsystemctl stop name.service\nservice service-name stop\nsystemctl status name.service\nservice service-name status\nsystemctl restart name.service\nservice service-name restart\nsystemctl reload name.service\nservice service-name reload<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u5386\u53f2\u6267\u884c\u6307\u4ee4<\/h4>\n
history | grep name<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h4>\n
ps -ef | grep name\npstree\njps<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6740\u6b7b\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h4>\n
kill -9 pid \u6309\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53f7\u6740\u6b7b\u8fdb\u7a0b\nkillall procName \u6309\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540d\u6740\u6b7b\u8fdb\u7a0b\nkillall -0 \u68c0\u6d4b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5b58\u50a8\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n
\u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u533a<\/h4>\n
Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u533a<\/a><\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u786c\u76d8\u6302\u8f7d\/\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528<\/h4>\n
free [param]\n[-m] \u4ee5MB\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u663e\u793a\n[-h] \u6613\u8bfb\u6a21\u5f0f<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5173\u95edswap\u673a\u5236<\/h4>\n
vim \/proc\/swaps \u67e5\u770b\u672c\u673aswap\u914d\u7f6e\nvim \/etc\/fstab \u67e5\u770b\u672c\u673aswap\u914d\u7f6e\nswap swapoff -a \u6e05\u7a7a\u5df2\u5206\u914dswap<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n
\u67e5\u770bip<\/h4>\n
ip address\nip addr show\nifconfig<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u7aef\u53e3<\/h4>\n
netstat [param]\n-n \u4f7f\u7528IP\u5730\u5740\n-u \u67e5\u770bUDP\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\n-t \u67e5\u770bTCP\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\n-l \u663e\u793a\u76d1\u542csocket\n-p \u663e\u793a\u4f7f\u7528socket\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5f00\u653e\u5173\u95ed\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7<\/h4>\n
\u5f00\u653e\u7aef\u53e3 firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80\/tcp --permanent\n\u5173\u95ed\u7aef\u53e3 firewall-cmd --zone=public -remove-port=80\/tcp --permanent<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u672c\u673aDNS\u89e3\u6790\u89c4\u5219<\/h4>\n
vim \/etc\/hosts<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u7aef\u53e3\u6620\u5c04<\/h4>\n
iptables -t nat -vnL<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4f20\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n
scp [param] source_arch remote_ip:remote_folder\n[-r] \u9012\u5f52\u590d\u5236\u6574\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\ncurl [param] <url>\n[-f] HTTP\u4f20\u8f93\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\u4e0d\u663e\u793a\u9519\u8bef\n[-s] \u9759\u9ed8\u6a21\u5f0f\n[-S] \u663e\u793a\u9519\u8bef\n[-L] \u82e5\u6709\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5219\u6307\u5411\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u9875\u9762\n[-X] \u6784\u9020GET\u6216POST\u8bf7\u6c42<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u53c2\u6570\u8c03\u6574<\/h4>\n
\u7f51\u7edc\u53c2\u6570<\/a><\/p>\n
\u6587\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n
\u8def\u5f84\u76f8\u5173<\/h4>\n
pwd \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u8def\u5f84\ncd \u5207\u6362\u8def\u5f84\n. | .\/ \u5f53\u524d\u8def\u5f84\n.. \u7236\u8def\u5f84\n~ \u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u76ee\u5f55\n\/ \u6839\u76ee\u5f55<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/h4>\n
more\ncat\nvim\ntail<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\u53ca\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n
tree \/dirName\nls \/dirName\nls \/dirName\/* \u9012\u5f52\u5c55\u793a\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\nls [param]\n-l \u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u6027\u8be6\u60c5\u5217\u8868\n-a \u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u4ef6<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n
touch filename\nvim filename<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/h4>\n
mkdir [param] dirName\n[-m] \u6307\u5b9a\u6743\u9650\u53ef\u8bfb\u53ef\u5199\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\n[-p] \u82e5\u76ee\u5f55\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u62a5\u9519\uff0c\u7236\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u7236\u76ee\u5f55<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n
rm [param] fileName\n[-r\u9012\u5f52] \u5220\u9664\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6 rm -r *\n[-f\u5f3a\u5236] \u5f3a\u5236\u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u524d\u7f00\u6587\u4ef6 rm -rf prefix*<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n
find -name fileName\nwhich firewalld<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u538b\u7f29\u89e3\u538b<\/h4>\n
tar -xzvf source.tar    \u89e3\u538b\u6587\u4ef6source.tar\u81f3\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\ntar -czvf target.tar .  \u538b\u7f29\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\u4e3atarget.tar\n[-x \u53cd\u89e3\u538b]\n[-z gzip\u547d\u4ee4\u5904\u7406]\n[-v \u663e\u793a\u6307\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b]\n[-f \u6307\u5b9a\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6]\n[-c \u521b\u5efa\u89e3\u538b]<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650<\/h4>\n
chmod [param] [ownerLimit] [groupLimit] [otherLimit] [fileList]\n[-R] \u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u6388\u6743\n[777] \u53ef\u8bfb\u53ef\u5199\u53ef\u6267\u884c read(4) write(2) execute(1)\nchmod -R 744 \/dirName owner\u5bf9dirName\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u53ef\u8bfb\u53ef\u5199\u53ef\u6267\u884c\uff0cgroup\/other\u53ea\u8bfb<\/code><\/pre>\n
IO<\/h3>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n
tee [param]\n[-a] \u8ffd\u52a0\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u66ff\u6362\u6587\u4ef6\n[-i] \u5ffd\u7565\u4e2d\u65ad\u4fe1\u53f7\necho 'a' | tee a.txt \u8bfb\u53d6\u8f93\u5165\u5199\u5165a.txt\ntee a.txt b.txt  \u8bfb\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u5199\u5165a\/b\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6<\/code><\/pre>\n
shell\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa<\/h4>\n
read name \u4ece\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\u8bfb\u5165name\u53d8\u91cf\necho [param]\n[-n] \u4e0d\u8f93\u51fa\u672b\u5c3e\u6362\u884c\u7b26 echo -ne 'string\\n'\n[-e] \u8f6c\u6362\u8f6c\u4e49\u5b57\u7b26 echo -e 'str\\ning'\necho $name \u8f93\u51fa\u53d8\u91cf\u503c\necho 'string' \u8f93\u51fa\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\necho $? \u67e5\u770b\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\necho `cmd` \u8f93\u51fa\u547d\u4ee4cmd\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/h4>\n
echo "aa" > a.txt \u5c06\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u8f93\u51faaa\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6a.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8f93\u5165\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26<\/h4>\n
<< EOF \u8f93\u5165\u4ee5EOF\u7ed3\u675f\n<< A \u8f93\u5165\u4ee5A\u7ed3\u675f\n\u5c06END\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6587\u4ef6a.txt\ncat <END > a.txt\naaa\nEND<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7ba1\u9053<\/h4>\n
cmd1 | cmd2 \u5c06\u547d\u4ee41\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4f5c\u4e3a\u547d\u4ee42\u7684\u8f93\u5165\nps -ef | grep name \u8fc7\u6ee4\u542b\u6709name\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6<\/h3>\n
\u4e0b\u8f7d\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305<\/h4>\n
wget url<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4fee\u6539\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6e90<\/h4>\n
\u5907\u4efd\/etc\/apt\/sources.list.d\/xxx.list\u6587\u4ef6:\ncp \/etc\/apt\/sources.list.d\/xxx.list \/etc\/apt\/sources.list.d\/xxx.list.bak\n\u4fee\u6539\/etc\/apt\/sources.list.d\/xxx.list\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u955c\u50cf\u6e90<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5217\u8868<\/h4>\n
apt-get update<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u66f4\u65b0apt-get<\/h4>\n
apt-get upgrade<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u67e5\u627e\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7248\u672c<\/h4>\n
yum search name<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5b89\u88c5\u6307\u5b9a\u8f6f\u4ef6<\/h4>\n
[-y] \u5b89\u88c5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u9009\u9879\u5747\u4e3ayes\napt-get install -y name\nyum install -y name<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7f16\u8bd1\u6e90\u7801\u548c\u5b89\u88c5<\/h4>\n
make \u7f16\u8bd1\u6e90\u7801\uff0c\u9700\u5207\u6362\u5230\u6e90\u7801\u8def\u5f84\nmake install [DEST_DIR=path] \u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\u9ed8\u8ba4\/usr\/local\/bin<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u672c\u6587\u5217\u51fa\u57fa\u672cLinux\u8fd0\u7ef4\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u53c2\u6570\u4f7f\u7528\u5404\u547d\u4ee4-h\/–help\u73b0\u67e5<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[73],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.196.114.170\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2751"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.196.114.170\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.196.114.170\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.196.114.170\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.196.114.170\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2751"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"http:\/\/139.196.114.170\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2751\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2955,"href":"http:\/\/139.196.114.170\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2751\/revisions\/2955"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.196.114.170\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2751"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.196.114.170\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2751"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.196.114.170\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2751"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}